![]() They often occupy leading public positions Exo_15:20 Jdg_4:4 2Ki_22:14. Women there move on the same social plane with men. Her place as depicted in the Scriptures is a totally different one. Muth´ẽr (אם, 'ēm, “mother,” “dam,” “ancestress” μήτηρ, mḗtēr): In vain do we look in the Scriptures for traces of the low position which woman occupies in many eastern lands.Ī false impression has been created by her present position in the East, especially under Mohammedan rule. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia The occurrence of the word in Ezk 21:21 is unique and evidently means “the parting (fork) of the road” in the sense of the origin (mother) of the road. The sense of guilt expressed by Job and the Psalmist ( Job 31:18 Ps 51:5 ) does not indicate any particular blemish on their mothers but expresses the doctrine we call original sin. His duties to his mother could not supplant or take precedence over his duties to his wife.Ī pagan mother could indeed love her son, and presumably the pagan son could feel a sense of duty to his mother ( Jud 5:28 ). Yet, the mother’s role in her adult son’s life was clearly subordinate to that of his wife ( Gen 2:24 ). This shows clearly the high standing of motherhood in a redeemed society. ridicule her, Deut 27:16 ), nor forsake her law ( Prov 1:8 ). On the negative side, her children must not strike her ( Ex 21:15 ), rob her ( Prov 28:24 ), chase her away ( Prov 19:26 ), bring her to shame ( Prov 29:15 so Lev 18:7 ), set light by her (i.e. respect, Lev 19:3 ), and mourning when she has died ( Ps 35:14 ). ![]() On the positive side, her children owe her obedience ( Gen 28:7 ), blessings ( Prov 30:11 ), honor ( Ex 20:12 ), fear (i.e. These obligations may be defined as positive duties and negative duties. She is to be a source of comfort ( Isa 66:13 ), a teacher ( Prov 31:1 ), and a discipliner ( Zech 13:3 ). In studying the contexts and senses in which the word is used we note several of particular interest, first, texts which relate to the duties of the mother. On some occasions the term is applied to nonhuman mothers: Ex 34:26 Deut 22:6. ’ēm refers to Eve, figuratively as mother of all living beings (though she was also the literal mother, Gen 3:20 ) to Deborah as a mother in Israel ( Jud 5:7 ) to a city as mother to its inhabitants ( Isa 50:1 Ezk 16:44 Hos 2:2 ) and even to a worm as mother of Job ( Job 17:14 ). It is used at times in a figurative sense. The word always (except once) means “mother.” In most occurrences it refers literally to the female parent. Knowing this going into the book makes for an excellent time of study. ![]() It should be noted that each of these three men are reformed in their theology, and are personally less conservative than I would like for them to be. They are all well-known Neo-Evangelicals. Laird Harris, Gleason Archer, and Bruce Waltke. So: what is the theological bias of TWOT? First, you should know that there were three major editors of TWOT: R. (It actually became the standard fairly quickly.) It simply shows how good TWOT really is. Now, get this: it is only 30 years old! To become "the standard" in much less than 30 years is amazing. There are shorter works (like Vine's word studies) and longer works (like the massive Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament) but all works are compared/contrasted to TWOT. Dave’s website in regard to the TWOTįirst, everyone should know that this has become the standard Hebrew lexical work that all others are judged by. ![]()
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